作者：周琦 張意梵
習(xi)近平(ping)總(zong)書(shu)記(ji)指出(chu)，中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)是(shi)為中(zhong)國(guo)人民謀(mou)幸福(fu)、為中(zhong)華民族謀(mou)復興的(de)黨(dang)，也是(shi)為人類謀(mou)進步、為世界謀(mou)大同的(de)黨(dang)。堅(jian)持胸(xiong)懷(huai)天(tian)下是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)立足全(quan)球視野(ye)、厚植天(tian)下情懷(huai)、擔(dan)當大國(guo)責任的(de)生動體現。樹高千尺總(zong)有根，江流萬里總(zong)有源。以解(jie)放全(quan)人類為己任、以科(ke)學理(li)論為引領、以共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)主義為目標的(de)馬克思(si)主義是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)堅(jian)持胸(xiong)懷(huai)天(tian)下的(de)理(li)論基礎。
馬(ma)(ma)克思(si)(si)主義人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)解放(fang)思(si)(si)想(xiang)為(wei)中(zhong)國共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)堅持胸懷(huai)天下樹立(li)了崇高價(jia)值(zhi)理想(xiang)。馬(ma)(ma)克思(si)(si)主義理論(lun)是(shi)(shi)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)求(qiu)解放(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)。馬(ma)(ma)克思(si)(si)恩格斯(si)在(zai)《共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)宣言》中(zhong)明確強(qiang)調：“共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)人(ren)(ren)可以把(ba)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)概括(kuo)為(wei)一(yi)句話(hua)(hua)(hua)：消(xiao)(xiao)滅(mie)私有制。”“代替那(nei)存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)階(jie)級(ji)和階(jie)級(ji)對立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)階(jie)級(ji)舊社會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，將(jiang)是(shi)(shi)這(zhe)樣一(yi)個聯(lian)合體(ti)，在(zai)那(nei)里(li)，每個人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自由(you)發展是(shi)(shi)一(yi)切人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自由(you)發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)條件。”通(tong)過消(xiao)(xiao)滅(mie)私有制，消(xiao)(xiao)滅(mie)階(jie)級(ji)對立(li)和階(jie)級(ji)壓迫，實現(xian)一(yi)切人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)解放(fang)是(shi)(shi)馬(ma)(ma)克思(si)(si)主義始終(zhong)(zhong)如一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)值(zhi)追求(qiu)。可以看出，馬(ma)(ma)克思(si)(si)主義自誕生以來(lai)，其理論(lun)視野就不(bu)是(shi)(shi)局限(xian)于一(yi)隅，而(er)是(shi)(shi)投射(she)到(dao)全世界(jie)和人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)整體(ti)，觀照著(zhu)整個人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前途與(yu)命(ming)運(yun)，以“建立(li)一(yi)個沒(mei)有壓迫、沒(mei)有剝削、人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)平等(deng)、人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)自由(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理想(xiang)社會(hui)”為(wei)價(jia)值(zhi)目標(biao)。中(zhong)國共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)人(ren)(ren)始終(zhong)(zhong)將(jiang)這(zhe)一(yi)目標(biao)牢記在(zai)心(xin)并傳承發揚(yang)。習近(jin)平總書記在(zai)紀念馬(ma)(ma)克思(si)(si)誕辰200周(zhou)年(nian)大(da)會(hui)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要講話(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)指(zhi)出：“馬(ma)(ma)克思(si)(si)主義博大(da)精深，歸根到(dao)底就是(shi)(shi)一(yi)句話(hua)(hua)(hua)，為(wei)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)求(qiu)解放(fang)。”一(yi)百多年(nian)來(lai)，中(zhong)國共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)始終(zhong)(zhong)堅持為(wei)這(zhe)一(yi)崇高的(de)(de)(de)(de)事業而(er)奮斗，把(ba)中(zhong)國人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)命(ming)運(yun)和世界(jie)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)命(ming)運(yun)聯(lian)系起(qi)來(lai)，以胸懷(huai)天下的(de)(de)(de)(de)眼光(guang)和情懷(huai)，實現(xian)“國家(jia)富強(qiang)、民(min)(min)族振興、人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)幸福”的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國夢同人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)解放(fang)、世界(jie)大(da)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)主義理想(xiang)同頻共(gong)振、互促互進(jin)。
馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)堅(jian)持(chi)胸(xiong)懷(huai)天下打開了(le)(le)(le)宏闊科學(xue)視(shi)野。世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)是一(yi)(yi)個客觀過程。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)恩格斯系(xi)統論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)述(shu)了(le)(le)(le)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)進程，明確指(zhi)出：“各民族(zu)的(de)(de)原始封閉(bi)狀態由于(yu)日益完善(shan)的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)方式、交往(wang)(wang)以(yi)及因交往(wang)(wang)而自(zi)然形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同民族(zu)之間的(de)(de)分工消滅得越是徹底，歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)越是成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)關(guan)于(yu)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規律的(de)(de)系(xi)統闡(chan)釋構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)。這一(yi)(yi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)是馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)之所以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為科學(xue)的(de)(de)基礎，在馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具有重要地位，同時也(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)科學(xue)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵內(nei)容。習(xi)近平(ping)總(zong)書記指(zhi)出，“學(xue)習(xi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)，就(jiu)(jiu)要學(xue)習(xi)和實踐馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)關(guan)于(yu)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)”。歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和現(xian)實日益證明世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)科學(xue)價值和關(guan)鍵作用。一(yi)(yi)百多年來(lai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)在馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)指(zhi)引(yin)下，形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)堅(jian)持(chi)胸(xiong)懷(huai)天下的(de)(de)宏闊視(shi)野，養成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)以(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)眼光審視(shi)問題(ti)、以(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)胸(xiong)懷(huai)包容問題(ti)、以(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)擔當處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)問題(ti)的(de)(de)處(chu)事風格，自(zi)覺(jue)繼(ji)承(cheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)對世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)基本判斷(duan)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)之所以(yi)能夠始終(zhong)堅(jian)持(chi)胸(xiong)懷(huai)天下，科學(xue)認識歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規律，準(zhun)確把(ba)握世(shi)(shi)界(jie)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)大勢；時刻以(yi)人類的(de)(de)普(pu)(pu)遍交往(wang)(wang)和整體(ti)(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)態作為實踐依(yi)據，將(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)置(zhi)于(yu)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)坐標中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進行參(can)照考量；堅(jian)持(chi)從人類發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)大潮流、世(shi)(shi)界(jie)變(bian)化(hua)大格局、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)大歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)角度正確認識和處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)同外部世(shi)(shi)界(jie)的(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)，就(jiu)(jiu)在于(yu)始終(zhong)不(bu)(bu)渝地堅(jian)守和踐行馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)。可以(yi)說，百年奮(fen)斗歷(li)(li)(li)(li)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)堅(jian)持(chi)胸(xiong)懷(huai)天下的(de)(de)寶貴(gui)經驗，彰顯(xian)了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)對人類普(pu)(pu)遍交往(wang)(wang)和社會(hui)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規律的(de)(de)深(shen)刻思(si)(si)考和能動駕(jia)馭，體(ti)(ti)現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)對馬(ma)(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)歷(li)(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功繼(ji)承(cheng)和有效發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。
馬(ma)克(ke)(ke)思(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)思(si)想為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)堅持胸懷(huai)天(tian)下作出了正(zheng)確實踐指(zhi)引。馬(ma)克(ke)(ke)思(si)在《關于費(fei)爾巴哈的(de)(de)提綱(gang)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)說：“人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)本(ben)質(zhi)不是單個(ge)人(ren)(ren)所固(gu)(gu)有的(de)(de)抽象物(wu)，在其現實性上(shang)，它是一切社會關系(xi)的(de)(de)總和(he)(he)。”人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)必然在共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)存。在唯(wei)物(wu)史觀的(de)(de)成熟之(zhi)作《德意志(zhi)意識形態》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，馬(ma)克(ke)(ke)思(si)恩(en)格斯對(dui)(dui)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)過程進行了詳(xiang)細(xi)論述，闡明了人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)經(jing)歷以自(zi)然經(jing)濟為基礎(chu)的(de)(de)“自(zi)然共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)”到以資本(ben)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)方式為基礎(chu)的(de)(de)“虛假共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)”再到人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)全面(mian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)“自(zi)由(you)聯合體(ti)(ti)”的(de)(de)歷史躍遷，最終實現“真正(zheng)的(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)”。馬(ma)克(ke)(ke)思(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)思(si)想指(zhi)明了世(shi)(shi)(shi)界發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)大(da)勢和(he)(he)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方向。面(mian)對(dui)(dui)“世(shi)(shi)(shi)界怎么了、我(wo)們怎么辦”的(de)(de)時代之(zhi)問，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)人(ren)(ren)深刻(ke)把握馬(ma)克(ke)(ke)思(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)思(si)想的(de)(de)精髓，將(jiang)全人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)視為一個(ge)有機整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張“世(shi)(shi)(shi)界大(da)同(tong)(tong)，天(tian)下一家”，提出構建人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)命運(yun)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)，積極弘(hong)揚和(he)(he)平(ping)、發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、公平(ping)、正(zheng)義(yi)、民主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、自(zi)由(you)的(de)(de)全人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)價(jia)值。牢(lao)固(gu)(gu)樹立(li)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界眼光，從中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)和(he)(he)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界的(de)(de)互動(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)探討人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)面(mian)臨的(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)課題，把中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)與世(shi)(shi)(shi)界的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)結合起來，把中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)利益(yi)同(tong)(tong)各(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)民的(de)(de)利益(yi)聯系(xi)起來，不斷擴大(da)同(tong)(tong)各(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)民之(zhi)間的(de)(de)互利合作，推(tui)動(dong)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界格局朝著(zhu)更加公正(zheng)合理、安定有序的(de)(de)方向發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。可見，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)的(de)(de)天(tian)下情懷(huai)，實現了對(dui)(dui)馬(ma)克(ke)(ke)思(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)“真正(zheng)的(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)”思(si)想的(de)(de)賡續發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。
大(da)道不孤，天(tian)(tian)下一(yi)家。堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)胸(xiong)懷天(tian)(tian)下，既是一(yi)種使命(ming)擔當(dang)，也是一(yi)種戰略(lve)思維方(fang)式，更是一(yi)種政治品(pin)質(zhi)和(he)精神氣質(zhi)。中(zhong)國共產(chan)黨以全(quan)人(ren)類(lei)(lei)解放和(he)共產(chan)主(zhu)義理想為(wei)價(jia)值追求，以世(shi)界(jie)發(fa)展(zhan)的歷(li)(li)史(shi)趨勢和(he)客觀(guan)要(yao)求為(wei)現實(shi)(shi)思考，以馬克思主(zhu)義“真(zhen)正的共同(tong)體(ti)(ti)”思想的當(dang)代(dai)實(shi)(shi)踐——人(ren)類(lei)(lei)命(ming)運共同(tong)體(ti)(ti)為(wei)實(shi)(shi)踐路徑，成就(jiu)了堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)胸(xiong)懷天(tian)(tian)下的品(pin)格特質(zhi)。堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)胸(xiong)懷天(tian)(tian)下已成為(wei)中(zhong)國共產(chan)黨百(bai)年奮(fen)(fen)斗(dou)的一(yi)條重要(yao)歷(li)(li)史(shi)經(jing)驗，成為(wei)中(zhong)國共產(chan)黨探索與奮(fen)(fen)斗(dou)的獨(du)特標(biao)識，并逐漸(jian)演化為(wei)勃興(xing)于(yu)全(quan)世(shi)界(jie)、造福(fu)全(quan)人(ren)類(lei)(lei)的生動(dong)實(shi)(shi)踐。世(shi)界(jie)風云里，起承轉合間，我們要(yao)拓展(zhan)世(shi)界(jie)眼(yan)光，把握時代(dai)脈(mo)搏(bo)，不被(bei)亂花迷眼(yan)，不畏浮云遮眼(yan)，深刻(ke)洞察人(ren)類(lei)(lei)發(fa)展(zhan)進(jin)(jin)步(bu)潮流(liu)，積極回應各國人(ren)民普遍(bian)關切，始終做世(shi)界(jie)和(he)平(ping)的建設(she)者(zhe)、全(quan)球發(fa)展(zhan)的貢獻者(zhe)、國際秩(zhi)序的維護(hu)者(zhe)，不斷引領人(ren)類(lei)(lei)進(jin)(jin)步(bu)的時代(dai)潮流(liu)和(he)前(qian)進(jin)(jin)方(fang)向，為(wei)人(ren)類(lei)(lei)進(jin)(jin)步(bu)貢獻智慧和(he)力量。
